September 11, 2026, 4:34 am | Read time: 3 minutes
They hang unobtrusively from the ceiling and usually only draw attention with a brief blink. However, for smoke detectors to reliably sound the alarm in an emergency, they require regular checks and some maintenance. Careless handling can impair the devices’ functionality–and that should be avoided.
Caution When Cleaning Smoke Detectors
Dust and dirt should be removed regularly, but with the necessary care. According to the Forum for Fire Smoke Prevention, a damp cloth without cleaning agents is best suited for this. Compressed air or vigorous blowing should be avoided, as particles can penetrate deeper into the detector and affect the sensors.
Using a vacuum cleaner is also not a good idea. In the worst case, internal components can become loose, causing the device to malfunction. During cleaning, it’s also important to check that the air intake openings are free of dust, insect remains, and other debris.
Regularly Check Batteries and Functionality
A smoke detector needs a constant power supply to remain operational. The absence of a warning sound does not automatically mean everything is fine. Many devices with replaceable batteries do alert when the voltage drops, but experts still recommend regular checks according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
Batteries should be replaced in a timely manner. For models with built-in power sources, a complete device replacement is required after the manufacturer’s specified service life–even if the detector still seems to work. This ensures it will reliably sound the alarm in case of a fire.
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Regardless of battery type, experts recommend replacing smoke detectors at least every ten years. In households where smoking occurs, more frequent replacement may be advisable.
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Do Not Block Smoke Detectors with Furniture or Structures
For a smoke detector to detect smoke early, air must be able to reach the device unimpeded. A clear area of at least 50 centimeters should be maintained around the detector. Some models require even more space.
Placing tall cabinets directly underneath or positioning the device behind room dividers or large ceiling beams can restrict its function. If smoke doesn’t reach the sensor in time, the alarm may not sound.
How to Properly Test Your Smoke Detector
The smoke detector’s functionality should be tested at least once a year, preferably more often. To do this, press the test button to trigger the test alarm.
If the signal tone does not sound, the batteries should be replaced first. If the device still does not respond, a replacement is necessary.
For renters: In this case, landlords or property management must be informed. Homeowners are generally responsible themselves, unless a different arrangement has been made within the homeowners’ association.
With material from dpa